John the Beloved
As we look at the early Church and the original twelve apostles, John the Beloved stands out for many people. Why? John paints a powerful vision of Jesus that, like John, we, through faith, can see, touch, and know.
“I have no greater joy than to hear that my children walk in truth.”
3 John 1: 4
John, who wrote so powerfully on the love of Christ, desired that we enjoy His joy made full in us:
“And these things we write to you that your joy may be full.”
1 John 1: 4
His revelation of Jesus was unique, precious, and beautifully intimate. Then add to that that John would outlive all the other disciples and in his later years wrote such powerful books in the Bible. John’s Gospel or letters are some of the first ones we encourage new believers to read and study. Again why? Because John reveals the heart and character of Jesus.
Further, of all the apostles who walked with Jesus, John was given the name “the Beloved,” and this may have been because John pushed to get closer to Jesus, and as such, he inspired us to draw nigh to Him.
As I have said, John lived to be a very old man. Historical records suggest he died at the incredible age of between 94 and 98. When I see John, I see a man filled with joy, abounding in love, and broken for the Master.
In the annals of history, there once lived a man named John. His life was adorned with remarkable longevity, for it is widely recorded that he passed away between the incredible ages of 94 and 98. When my gaze falls upon John, I see a soul brimming with uncontainable joy, a heart overflowing with boundless love, and a spirit irreparably captivated by the Master.
But above all, John was a man fervently devoted to the Master. His heart was a sanctuary, an altar perpetually burning with reverence and adoration. His faith, though tested by the trials and tribulations of existence, stood resolute and unyielding. He sought solace in prayer, drawing strength from a connection forged with an unseen force, an unwavering belief directing the course of his actions.
May we all heed the profound lessons embedded within John’s extraordinary journey and strive to cultivate joy, kindle love, and deepen our spiritual connection as we navigate the winding roads of our own lives.
So, who was John?
The Calling of John
To gain a better picture of the various disciples such as John, we need to look at all the Gospels and then tie all the information together. So, if we first turn to Matthew’s Gospel we read:
“And Jesus, walking by the Sea of Galilee, saw two brothers, Simon, called Peter, and Andrew, his brother, casting a net into the sea; for they were fishermen. Then He said to them, ‘Follow Me, and I will make you fishers of men.’ They immediately left their nets and followed Him. Going on from there, He saw two other brothers, James the son of Zebedee, and John his brother, in the boat with Zebedee their father, mending their nets. He called them, and immediately they left the boat and their father, and followed Him.”
Matthew 4: 18-22
Then adding to this we find in Mark’s Gospel:
“And immediately He called them, and they left their father Zebedee in the boat with the hired servants and went after Him.”
Mark 1: 20
Bringing this together we can see that John was one of the sons of Zebedee and his brother was James. John’s name comes from the Hebrew word, “Yowchanan,” pronounced, “yo-khaw-nawm” meaning “Jehovah has graced.” The name Zebedee comes from the Hebrew word meaning, “my gift.” John’s name was a prophetic proclamation of his life as it was touched by the Messiah.
In John’s Gospel, we see in John 1: 37-42, that John along with Andrew, were disciples of John the Baptist. John the Baptist, the cousin of Jesus, was miraculously conceived by his elderly parents. He was born around six months before Jesus. His father was the high priest, so John therefore was also a priest and would have started his ministry when he turned thirty, around six months before Jesus launched His ministry.
Like so many at the time, John and his brother eagerly awaited the coming of the Messiah. John the Baptist explains to John and Andrew that Jesus is the One they are awaiting and that they should follow Him. Now, at this time, John was very young, perhaps in his early teenage years. But even at this early age, he clearly was hungry for God.
One day, John the Baptist approached them, proclaiming with boldness and conviction that Jesus was the long-awaited Messiah. John and Andrew, overwhelmed by this revelation, listened intently as John the Baptist explained the significance and purpose of Jesus’ ministry.
At this time, John was just a young teenager, filled with energy and curiosity. But amidst his youthful vigor, there was a deep hunger for a deeper connection with God. He yearned to experience the presence of the Almighty and to witness the fulfillment of the prophecies handed down through generations.
John’s encounter with Jesus and the words of John the Baptist set his soul ablaze. He was utterly captivated by Jesus’ teachings and completely mesmerized by the miracles He performed. Deep within his heart, John knew without a doubt that Jesus was the long-awaited Savior, the One who would fulfill all the promises and bring ultimate salvation to a world in desperate need of healing.
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From that moment on, John dedicated his life to following Jesus. Despite his young age, John recognized the significance of this calling and wholeheartedly embraced his role as a disciple. He was willing to leave behind his familiar life and venture into the unknown because he believed in Jesus’ mission and recognized the divine presence in Him.
John’s insatiable craving for a spiritual connection with God propelled him relentlessly forward. This burning hunger ignited within him an unyielding desire to pursue a profound and intimate relationship with the Messiah. His whole being was consumed by an ardent devotion and an unwavering faith that set him apart.
Throughout his life, John had the extraordinary privilege of witnessing the awe-inspiring miracles and transformative teachings of Jesus’ ministry. He stood steadfastly by Christ’s side, both in moments of triumph and during times of immense suffering. In these moments, John’s unwavering faith and unshakeable loyalty were ever-present, illuminating his unparalleled love for the Savior.
As their bond deepened, John’s passion for Christ grew even stronger. So much so, that he became the beloved disciple, the one who was closest to Jesus’ heart. It was through this profound intimacy that John was uniquely positioned to pen the Gospel that would forever bear his name.
John’s Gospel stands as a timeless expression of his unwavering devotion to Jesus and his profound understanding of the Messiah. It serves as an eternal testament to his insatiable hunger for the Presence of God. Through every carefully chosen word, he passionately conveys the power of a deep relationship with Jesus, inviting others to experience the wonders he had personally witnessed.
Throughout all of his experiences, John’s love for Jesus grew even deeper, and he became renowned as the “beloved disciple,” cherished by his Savior. Their intimate connection enabled John to gain a distinct perspective on the Messiah’s life and teachings. In his later years, inspired by these profound encounters, John would go on to write the gospel that bears his name. Through his writing, he aimed to encapsulate the true essence of Jesus’ teachings, as well as his life, death, and resurrection, ensuring that future generations could benefit from such wisdom.
According to Smith’s Bible Dictionary, it is explained that the mother of John and James and the wife of Zebedee was Salome, which means “peaceful.” Smith1 further states that Zebedee and Salome likely lived in Bethsaida or at least in close proximity. When the Lord called John, he was found fishing, and we are also informed that his father had hired servants in the boat with them that day (Mark 1:20). This suggests that his family was of significant status, a notion further supported by John’s statement in John 18:15, that he was close to Annas the High Priest, indicating that his family was well-situated.
Regarding Salome, she was potentially the sister of Mary. We are told:
“Among whom were Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James and Joses, and the mother of Zebedee’s sons.”
Matthew 27: 56
Now compare this with the following:
“there were also women looking on from afar, among whom were Mary Magdalene, Mary the mother of James the less and Joses, and Salome.”
Mark 15: 40
And:
“Now there stood by the Cross of Jesus His mother, and His mother’s sister, Mary wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene.”
John 19: 25
While precarious, the suggestion here is that Salome was Mary’s sister, thus making John Jesus’s cousin. Further, this helps support the idea that John was indeed a priest or at least in preparation for the priesthood. We will look at this in more detail later.
Sons of Thunder
In Mark’s Gospel, we are told:
“James the son of Zebedee and John the brother of James, to whom He gave the name Boanerges, that is, ‘Sons of Thunder.”
Mark 3: 17
The big question is, why did Jesus give them this surname? Well, John told us:
“But Jesus did not commit Himself to them, because He knew all men, and had no need that anyone should testify of man, for He knew what was in man.”
John 2: 24, 25
Jesus is the only One who truly knows all people, so He fully knows the hearts and characters of John and James. We know there is nothing hidden from Him, including all our flaws. Our testimony is the power of Christ to take these imperfect and frail earthen vessels and change and transform them by His power. This is one of the great blessings and proofs of Christianity. The name “Sons of Thunder” comes from “Boanerges,” which is of Aramaic origin and can be translated as sons of commotion. The suggestion here is that they had a fiery zeal that could be destructive, much like a thunderstorm.
If we look at the account of when Jesus and the disciples come to the Samaritan village we are told:
“But they did not receive Him, because His face was set for the journey to Jerusalem. And when His disciples James and John saw this, they said, ‘Lord do You want us to command fire to come down from Heaven and consume them, just as Elijah did?’ But He turned and rebuked them, and said, ‘You do not know what manner of spirit you are of. For the Son of Man did not come to destroy men’s lives but to save them.’ And they went to another village.”
Luke 9: 53-56
Here is perhaps a great example of why Jesus gave them the Sons of Thunder surname. Another example is seen when they find a man casting out demons:
In Mark 9:38-41, John, one of the disciples known as the “Sons of Thunder,” approaches Jesus to inform him about an incident they had encountered. John tells Jesus that they had come across a man who was casting out demons in Jesus’ name. However, John and the other disciples were disturbed by this because the man was not a part of their group. They felt that he had no authority to use Jesus’ name for such acts.
Jesus, however, responded with a surprising statement. He told John and the others not to stop the man, as anyone who performs a miracle in His name cannot speak ill of Him. Jesus implied that the man’s actions, despite not being part of their immediate circle, were still in line with His mission.
This incident highlights the impulsive and zealous nature of John and James, also known as the “Sons of Thunder.” They were likely driven by a deep sense of loyalty and exclusivity towards Jesus and his teachings. Their actions were motivated by a desire to defend their perceived authority and maintain a sense of control.
By giving them this nickname, Jesus might have been acknowledging their fervent and sometimes stormy personalities. The title “Sons of Thunder” could serve as a reminder to them and others that they needed to temper their emotions and adopt a more compassionate and inclusive approach.
In conclusion, this incident serves as a compelling example of why Jesus nicknamed John and James as the “Sons of Thunder.” Their impulsive reaction to the man casting out demons demonstrates their fervent devotion to Jesus but also highlights their need for further growth and understanding in their journey as disciples.
“Now John answered Him saying, ‘Teacher, we saw someone who does not follow us casting out demons in Your Name, and we forbade him because he does not follow us. But Jesus said, ‘Do not forbid him, for no one who works a miracle in My Name can soon after speak evil of Me. For he who is not against us is on our side.”
Mark 9: 38-39
These brothers clearly had a powerful zeal and were sincere, but many times they were sincerely wrong. Matthew wrote of John and his brother:
“Then the mother of Zebedee’s sons came to Him with her sons, kneeling down and asking something from Him. And He said to her, ‘What do you wish?’ She said to Him, ‘Grant these two sons of mine may sit, one on Your right hand and the other one on the left, in Your Kingdom?’ But Jesus answered and said, ‘You do not know what you ask. Are you able to drink the cup that I am about to drink, and be baptized with baptism that I am baptized with?’ They said to Him, ‘We are able.” So He said to them, ‘ You will indeed drink My cup, and be baptized with My baptism that I am baptized with; but to sit on My right hand and on My left is not Mine to give, but it is for those whom it is prepared by My Father.’ And when the ten heard it, they were greatly displeased with the two brothers.”
Matthew 20: 20-24
So, while John and his brother loved the Lord, they were also ambitious and self-focused, wanting to sit next to Jesus. Later, after the Resurrection and Baptism in the Holy Spirit, we see a different John. For example, John would later write:
“By this we know love, because He laid down His life for us. And we also ought to lay down our lives for the brethren.”
1 John 3: 16
John watched in anguish as he witnessed the Master’s agonizing suffering and eventual death. John had always shared a special closeness with the Lord, evident through moments like the Last Supper, where he rested his head on Jesus’ chest, listening to the rhythmic beating of His heart.
“Now there was leaning, on Jesus’ bosom one of His disciples who Jesus loved”
John 13: 23
Certainly, it is evident that Jesus had a deep and unique love for John. If indeed John was His cousin, it could provide a reason for this special bond. However, regardless of their familial connection, it can be imagined that John would have been utterly devastated as he witnessed the suffering and death of Jesus..
John the Priest?
When John arrived at the tomb, we are told that he bent down and looked in, but did not go inside. This detail could potentially be explained if John was a priest, as priests were forbidden from entering tombs or coming into contact with dead bodies according to Jewish customs and religious laws. John’s hesitation to enter the tomb could be seen as a display of his adherence to these regulations. Additionally, it is said that when Peter arrived, he went straight into the tomb, which could reflect Peter’s disregard for such regulations as he was not a priest. This suggests that John’s actions and behavior at the tomb align more closely with those expected of a priest, further supporting the hypothesis that he may have been a priest.
“And he, stooping down and looking in, saw the linen cloths lying there; yet, he did not go in. Then Simon Peter came, following him, and went into the tomb; and saw the linen cloths lying there…”
John 20: 5, 6
In Johnston’s work, he claims that John’s mother, Salome, was the sister of Jesus’ mother, Mary. If this is the case and Salome was of the same family as Mary’s cousin, Elizabeth, then it is possible he was of the priestly family. This may help us understand his closeness to John the Baptist and Jesus. Further, this meant that Zacharias, John the Baptist’s father, was John’s uncle. We know that Zacharias was indeed a High Priest, which means John could clearly be a priest as well. This would explain why John had such access to Caiaphas.
“And Simon Peter followed Jesus, and so did another disciple. Now that disciple was known to the high priest, and went with Jesus into the courtyard of the High Priest. But Peter stood at the door outside. Then the other disciple, who was known to the High Priest, went out and spoke to her who kept the door, and brought Peter in.”
John 18: 15-16
When examining the Book of Revelation, it becomes evident that John possessed a deep understanding of priestly rituals. For instance, he structures and patterns the events and symbolism in the book after the morning and evening services performed by the priests in the temple.
The Inner Circle
In the earthly ministry of Jesus, He chose and called twelve men to be His disciples. However, out of these twelve, He had a select group, an inner circle, consisting of Peter, James, and John. These three men had the privilege of being present during important events and receiving crucial information.
One such moment was the transfiguration of Jesus. It is recorded in the scriptures that Jesus took Peter, James, and John up a high mountain. And as they stood there, something extraordinary happened. Jesus was transfigured before them, His face shining like the sun, and His clothes becoming dazzling white.
“Now after six days Jesus took Peter, James, and John his brother, led them up on a high mountain by themselves, and He was transfigured before them. His face shone like the sun, and His clothes became as white as the light. And behold, Moses and Elijah appeared to them, talking with Him. Then Peter answered and said to Jesus, ‘Lord, it is good for us to be here; if You wish, let us make here three tabernacles: one for You, one for Moses, and one for Elijah. While he was still speaking, behold, a bright cloud overshadowed them; and suddenly a voice came out of the cloud, saying, ‘This is My Beloved Son, in Whom I am well pleased. Hear Him!’ And when the disciples heard it, they fell on their faces and were greatly afraid. But Jesus came and touched them and said, ‘Arise, and do not be afraid.”
Matthew 17: 1-7
The transfiguration was a pivotal moment for Peter, James, and John. Through this event, they were given a glimpse of Jesus’ divinity and the confirmation that He was indeed the Son of God. It was a privilege bestowed upon them, strengthening their faith and preparing them for the challenging days ahead.
From the transfiguration onwards, Peter, James, and John continued to play significant roles in Jesus’ ministry. They were witnesses to His miracles, His teaching, and His intimate moments of prayer. As His inner circle, they received special insight and guidance.
In choosing these three disciples as His inner circle, Jesus demonstrated His love, trust, and desire to share His mission with them on a deeper level. Their experiences and closeness to Jesus would shape them into influential leaders for the early church, ensuring the spread of His message and the establishment of His kingdom.
Another example is when Jesus went to raise Jairus’s daughter. Once again, He took only His inner circle.
“As soon as Jesus heard the word that was spoken, He said to the ruler of the synagogue, ‘Do not be afraid; only believe.’ And He permitted no one to follow Him except Peter, James, and John the brother of James….And they ridiculed Him. But when he had put them all outside, He took the father and the mother of the child, and those who were with Him, and entered where the child was lying. Then He took the child by the hand, and said to her, ‘Talitha, cumi,’ which is translated, ‘Little girl, I say to you, arise.’ Immediately, the girl arose and walked, for she was twelve years of age. And they were overcome with great amazement.”
Mark 5: 36-37, and 40-42
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His inner circle had the privilege of witnessing these events, observing them, and learning from Jesus Himself. Jesus took the time to mentor these men, knowing that they would eventually carry on His mission and spread the Gospel.
As Jesus’ earthly ministry drew to a close, His inner circle, including Andrew, approached Him privately to inquire about the Last Days. They knew they had special access, so they approached Jesus privately in the hopes that He would share key insights with them.
“Now as He sat on the Mount of Olives opposite the Temple, Peter, James, John, and Andrew asked them privately. Tell us, when will these things be? And what will be the sign of all these things will be fulfilled?”
Mark 13: 3-4
In Luke chapter 22, verses 7-13, we see Jesus send Peter and John to make the preparations for the Passover. Then, when Jesus went to pray in the Garden of Gethsemane, He brought His inner circle with Him:
“Then Jesus came with them to a place called Gethsemane, and said to the disciples, ‘Sit here while I go and pray over there. And He took with Him Peter, and the two sons of Zebedee, and He began to be sorrowful and deeply distressed…”
Matthew 26: 36-37
Unfortunately, His inner circle all fell asleep as Jesus prayed.
John the Disciple Jesus Loved
If John was indeed related to Jesus and he was still very young, we can see why Jesus had a special heart for John. We are told that Jesus loved John five times:
- John 13: 23
- John 19: 26
- John 20: 2
- John 21: 7
- John 21: 20
If we go to the Last Supper, where Jesus first declares someone is about to betray Him, we are told:
“Now there was leaning on Jesus’ bosom one of His disciples, whom Jesus loved.”
John 13: 23
And
“Then Peter, turning around, saw the disciple whom Jesus loved, following, who also had leaned on His breast at the supper, and said, ‘Lord who is the one who betrays You?”
John 21: 20
John’s heart swelled with a mix of grief and responsibility as he looked into Jesus’ eyes. He nodded, acknowledging and accepting this sacred duty that Jesus had bestowed upon him. In that moment, he knew that he would take care of Mary, providing her with the love and support she needed in the absence of her son.
“Now there stood by the Cross of Jesus His mother, and His mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene. When Jesus therefore saw His mother, and the disciple whom He loved standing by, He said to His mother, ‘Woman, behold your son!’ Then He said to the disciple, ‘Behold your mother!’ And from that hour that disciples took her to his own house.”
John 20: 25-27
Now, if we turn to the Day of Christ’s Resurrection, we are aware that the women arrived at the tomb with the intention of anointing Jesus’ body.
“Now the first day of the week Mary Magdalene went to the tomb early, while it was still dark, and saw that the stone had been taken away from the tomb. Then she ran and came to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple, whom Jesus loved, and said to them, ‘They have taken away the Lord out of the tomb, and we do not know where they have laid Him. Peter therefore went out, and the other disciple, and were going to the tomb. So they ran together, and the other disciple outran Peter and came to the tomb first. And he, stooping down and looking in, saw the linen cloths lying there; yet he did not go in.”
John 20: 1-5
If we continued, we would see that Peter had entered while John had remained outside the tomb.
It is intriguing that the women approached Peter and John initially, who then hurried to the tomb. Interestingly, we are informed that John outran Peter, possibly due to him being younger. Later on, we witness Peter and the disciples going fishing early in the morning. To their dismay, they had caught nothing. However, they encounter Jesus standing on the shore, waiting for them. Jesus inquires if they have caught anything, to which they respond with a disheartened “No!” Jesus then instructs them to cast their net on the right side..
“So they cast, and now they were not able to draw it in because of the multitude of fish. Therefore that disciple whom Jesus loved said to Peter, ‘It is the Lord!”
John 21: 6b-7
It seems that Jesus’ appearance has changed after His resurrection. The women who first encountered Him mistook Him for a gardener, implying a difference in His physical appearance. Additionally, the disciples, who were some distance away in their boat on the sea, didn’t recognize Him, or maybe they had found it challenging to see who He was. However, John, having witnessed the miraculous catch of fish, instantly recognized Jesus, drawing upon his past experiences with Him.
As we come to the end of John’s Gospel, we see Jesus declare over John:
“Jesus said to him, ‘If I will that he remain till I come, what is that to you? You follow Me.” Then this saying went out among the brethren that this disciple would not die. Yet Jesus did not say to him that he would not die, but, ‘If I will that he remain till I come, what is that to you?’
John 21: 22, 23
PENTECOST
After the resurrection of Jesus, Jesus appeared to the apostles and others several times. Then, on the fortieth day, the Lord assembled all the disciples together, and we read:
‘And being assembled together with them, He commanded them not to depart from Jerusalem, but to wait for the Promise of the Father, ‘which,’ He said, ‘you have heard from Me; for John truly baptized with water, but you shall be baptized with the Holy Spirit not many days from now.”
Acts 1: 4-5
Jesus then commissioned them:
“But you shall receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you shall ne witnesses to Me in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.”
Acts 1: 8
After Jesus ascended into Heaven, the next significant event on the Jewish calendar was the Feast of Pentecost. Many believers in Jesus were gathered together, eagerly awaiting the promised outpouring of the Holy Spirit. There are differing beliefs regarding the location of this outpouring. Some believe it occurred in the Upper Room, while others argue that it happened during the hour of prayer near the Temple. Regardless, all of these events, including the crucifixion, Ascension, and the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, took place in close proximity to the Temple Mount. The place where God had put His Name.
Paul, in his first letter to the Corinthians, explained that:
“And that He was seen by Cephas, then by the twelve. After that He was seen by over five hundred brethren at once, of whom the greater part remain to the present, but some have fallen asleep.”
1 Corinthians 15: 5, 6
So, while over 500 people witnessed the resurrection, only 120 were present on the Day of Pentecost. Among them was John and his brother James. On that day they were all filled with the Holy Spirit and began speaking in tongues.
Healing the Lame Man
After the outpouring, we see the Church begin to grow dramatically. It is still Jewish and would continue for some time, holding fast to Jewish terms and Jewish thinking into the Second Century AD. As such, Peter and John are seen going to the temple at the hour of prayer in Acts chapter three. On this day, as they are entering, they see a lame man from birth begging.
“who, seeing Peter and John about to go into the Temple, asked for alms. And fixing his eyes on him, with John, Peter said, ‘Look at us.’ So he gave them his attention, expecting to receive something from them. Then Peter said, ‘Silver and gold I do not have, but what I do have I give to you; In the Name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, rise up and walk. And he took him by the right hand and lifted him up, and immediately, his feet and ankle bones received strength. So he was leaping up, stood up and walked and praising God.”
Acts 3: 3-8
Here, we read something so powerful, “but what I do have I give to you.” This is the bottom-line message of Christianity.
John Is Arrested
As we proceed to chapter four of the Book of Acts, Peter and John find themselves under arrest due to the widespread news of their miraculous healing of a forty-year-old lame man. The cause for their arrest emerges from their bold proclamation of the resurrection.
Peter and John explain that they cannot obey the Sanhedrin’s command to stop preaching the Name of Jesus because they cannot remain silent about what they have seen and heard. They boldly declare that they must obey God rather than men, emphasizing their unwavering faith in Jesus as the source of salvation for all people. They continue to boldly proclaim the message of Jesus, inspiring others to join the growing Church and spreading the word of God even further.
Whether it is right in the sight of God to listen to you more than to God, you judge. For we cannot but speak the things we have seen and heard.”
Acts 4: 19, 20
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Despite the threats faced by Peter and John, they were eventually released as their captors couldn’t take any further action against them. This marked the beginning of the persecution of the Church. In Acts chapter five, it is mentioned that the apostles faced another arrest, but it doesn’t specify which apostles were involved. However, during the night, an angel appeared and miraculously freed them by unlocking the doors, leading them to freedom.
The following day, the high priest and chief priests realize that not only have the apostles miraculously escaped from their prison, but they have resumed their preaching once again. Frustrated by their persistence, the high priest orders for the apostles to be arrested once more.
Preaching in Samaria
As the flames of persecution intensified in the ancient city of Jerusalem, causing fear and unrest among the believers, a glimmer of hope emerged amidst the chaos. Philip, one of the steadfast leaders, recognizing the need for refuge and an opportunity to spread the message of faith, made the bold decision to venture to the land of Samaria.
In the midst of the Samaritan crowds, a divine transformation took place. The power of God’s love stirred the hearts of the lost, knocking down walls of despair and leading individuals towards redemption. The streets echoed with the joyful sounds of repentance, as many souls turned their backs on their former lives and embraced the promise of a new beginning. The impact of this revival went beyond the boundaries of the physical realm, reaching into the depths of the spiritual realm, with divine favor pouring out upon the land.
As news of the remarkable revival reached the ears of the apostles in Jerusalem, their hearts swelled with an overwhelming sense of pride and gratitude. They recognized the hand of God moving mightily in the midst of adversity, using their faithful brother Philip as an instrument of His divine purpose. Inspired by the reports of lives being transformed and hearts being set free, the apostles swiftly made a decision to send Peter and John, pillars of faith, to join in the work Philip had begun.
In this time of turmoil and uncertainty, the apostles responded with resolute determination, their faith unshaken. The flame of persecution may have burned ever brighter in Jerusalem, but in Samaria, a beacon of light emerged. And so, the story continued, with Peter and John’s arrival paving the way for even greater miracles and the expansion of the Gospel to reach new horizons.
“Who, when they had come down, prayed for them that they might receive the Holy Spirit.”
Acts 5: 15
Here, they lead the new converts into the Baptism of the Holy Spirit, and countless lives were changed for eternity.
Persecution Grows
During the early days of the Church, hostility and persecution toward its followers grew at an alarming rate. Acts chapter twelve recounts a devastating event in which King Herod killed James, one of the apostles and the brother of John. This tragic loss further intensified the persecution faced by the early Christians. Another apostle, Peter, was also imprisoned and faced the same fate as James.
However, Peter had received a promise from the Master himself. He was told that he would grow to be an old man, suggesting that his time of martyrdom had not yet arrived. This knowledge provided Peter with an unwavering faith and a sense of peace, even in the darkest hour of his life.
Meanwhile, the Church, fully aware of the dire circumstances Peter faced, had gathered at the house of Mark to pray fervently for his deliverance. They believed in the power of collective prayer and sought divine intervention in the face of persecution. And their faith was not in vain.
In an awe-inspiring display of God’s faithfulness, an angel was sent to rescue Peter from his imprisonment. Breaking the chains that confined him, the angel led Peter out of the prison undetected, safely guiding him past the guards and through the iron gates. Peter’s miraculous deliverance baffled all who witnessed it, reinforcing his unwavering confidence in the Lord’s promises.
The story of Peter’s deliverance serves as a reminder to all believers that even in the most challenging circumstances, God is able to intervene and rescue His people. It is a testament to the faithfulness of the Lord, who fulfills His promises and protects His followers, empowering them to face persecution with unwavering confidence.
As we reflect on this event from the early Church, may we be inspired to trust in the faithfulness of God and seek His intervention through prayer, knowing that He is always working in our lives, even in the face of persecution and adversity.
John in Ephesus
During this period, the Christian community in Ephesus was flourishing, and it was here that John most likely found a supportive network of believers. Although the details of his time in Ephesus are scarce, it is reasonable to assume that John played a significant role in nurturing and guiding the nascent Christian community in the city.
Irenaeus (130 AD-202AD) was the bishop ordained by Polycarp, and he wrote:
“John, the disciple of the Lord, going to bathe at Ephesus, and perceiving Cerinthus within, rushed out of the bath-house without bathing, exclaiming, ‘Let us fly, lest even the bath-house fall down, because Cerinthus, the enemy of the truth, is within.‘4
Whether this is true or fabricated tale regarding John is unknown. We do know Polycarp sat under and was discipled by John. It is possible that Polycarp was ordained by John and Timothy as the bishop of Smyrna.5 It is believed that John did spend time in Ephesus.
In Foxe’s Book of Martyrs, he claims that he founded the seven churches mentioned in the Book of Revelation: Smyrna, Pergamos, Sardis, Philadelphia, Laodicea, Thyatira, and Ephesus.6 The problem with this is we know Paul traveled to Ephesus and clearly played a major role in birthing the Church there. It is unknown if Paul started the church in Ephesus or if there was a church before him.
Paul wrote:
“Therefore I also, after I heard of your faith in the Lord Jesus and your love for all the saints…”
Ephesians 1: 15
This verse could imply that a church was already in place before Paul arrived. We have additional evidence of John coming to Ephesus with Polycrates, the Bishop of Ephesus in the 2nd century, who also wrote that John came to Ephesus.
Exiled to Patmos
During the reign of Emperor Nero, the first waves of Christian persecution began. It is believed that both the apostles Paul and Peter were put to death during this time. However, it was Emperor Domitian who further intensified the persecution of Christians towards the end of his reign (AD 89-97). Historians note that Domitian demanded unwavering loyalty and worship from his subjects, and anyone who refused to comply faced severe consequences.9
During the reign of Domitian, there was one extraordinary individual who refused to yield to the emperor’s demands – the apostle John. In the face of persecution and oppression, John stood firm, resolute in his faith and unwavering in his refusal to worship Domitian as a symbol of loyalty. His steadfastness became an inspiration to all who witnessed it, a shining example of courage and strength in the face of adversity. John’s defiance serves as a reminder to us all that no matter the circumstances, staying true to one’s beliefs is a testament to the power of the human spirit.
The persecution of Christians under Nero and Domitian shaped the early history of Christianity, testing the faith and resolve of believers. Despite facing adversity, the Christian message grew and spread, inspiring others with stories of unwavering commitment. These tales remind us of the enduring power of faith in the face of persecution.
Tertullian (AD 150- 220AD), an early Christian writer, claimed that Emperor Domitian ordered John to be thrown into boiling oil in an attempt to end his life. Astonishingly, John emerged unscathed from the ordeal, continuing to preach even while immersed in the scorching liquid. Undeterred by this failed attempt, Domitian then forced John to drink a lethal poison, yet once again, John miraculously survived. These accounts highlight John’s unwavering faith and indomitable spirit, serving as a testament to the divine protection that guided him through these harrowing trials.
So around 90-95 AD, John was exiled to Patmos by the Emperor Domitian. This is an island off the coast of modern-day Turkey and close to Ephesus. Here he was sentenced to slave labor in the mines in the hope that this grueling labor would kill John.
In the years 90-95 AD, John found himself exiled to the island of Patmos by none other than Emperor Domitian. This secluded island, nestled off the coast of present-day Turkey and near Ephesus, served as the desolate backdrop for John’s punishment. Stripped of his freedom and condemned to grueling labor in the treacherous mines, it appeared that the emperor’s intention was nothing short of the termination of John’s life. Yet, little did Domitian know that he had inadvertently unleashed a force that could not be extinguished. In the face of adversity, John would be caught up “in the Spirit” and have visions of the Lord’s Day.
John’s Book of Revelation helps piece together the various prophecies in the Old Testament and by Jesus regarding the Day of the Lord, so that we can understand the Lord’s plan to restore all things.
Return to Ephesus
By this time John is an elderly man who has outlived all of the other original twelve apostles of the Lord. After being released from Patmos, John returned to Ephesus where he would write his Gospel and his three letters. John was promoted to Heaven somewhere around 98 AD. He would be the only one of the original apostles that didn’t die a martyr’s death. 10
In the later years of his life, John, the beloved disciple of Jesus, stood as the sole survivor among the original twelve apostles. Having outlived the rest of the original disciples, he found himself in Ephesus after being released from the island of Patmos. In this city, John was anointed with wisdom and divine inspiration and penned his Gospel and three powerful letters.
As time passed, the weight of age did not dim John’s spirit. Even though he faced adversity and persecution, his faith remained steadfast. It is said that John’s unyielding devotion to Christ made him a target, but his resilience could not be shattered.
In 98 AD, the heavenly gates swung open for John, and with unparalleled grace, he ascended to his eternal reward. In this way, his departure became a testament to his extraordinary life.
John’s legacy is imprinted upon the pages of history. The Gospel he wrote continues to guide and inspire generations, while his letters resonate with wisdom and love. Though the hands of time have carried us far from those ancient days, the impact of John’s teachings endures, reminding us to stand strong in the face of adversity, to hold fast to our faith, and to believe in the power of God’s love.
Let us draw inspiration from John’s remarkable journey as we navigate the paths of our own lives. May his unwavering devotion serve as a beacon, guiding us through the trials and tribulations that lie ahead. John, the apostle who transcended the boundaries of time, shall forever remain a symbol of unwavering faith and the triumph of the human spirit.
John’s Logos Theology
In John’s Gospel he explains that Jesus was the Word. But where did this come from? Well, at the time the Torah, etc., or their version of the Bible used in the time of Jesus and early Church was the Jewish Targums. They were in Aramaic, which is a language that is related to Hebrew. These targums include the Aramaic translation with additional commentary added. There are several different targums and they can vary in the additional comments added to help explain each verse.
During the time of Jesus and the early Church, the Jewish Targums played a significant role in interpreting and understanding the scriptures. These Targums were Aramaic translations of the Hebrew Bible, enriched with additional commentary. Aramaic, closely related to Hebrew, provided a common language Jews spoke at that time.
In John’s Gospel, he reveals that Jesus is the Word. He draws this revelation from the Targums. The notion of the Word was not unfamiliar to the Jewish people, but through John’s Gospel, he connected the dots to reveal that Jesus was the Word found in the Targums.
As we read these Targums, we are introduced to the Lord God, who is referred to as the Word. The Word was a Person, and that Person was the Word who was also God. For example, after the Fall, we are told Adam and Eve hear the Lord in the Garden. In the Targum Onkelos, we read:
Gen 3:6 And they heard the voice of the Word of the Lord God walking in the garden in the evening of the day; and Adam and his wife hid themselves from before the Lord God among the trees of the garden. 11
Another example was during the Flood:
Gen 7:16 And they, entering, male and female of all flesh, entered, as the Lord had commanded him, and the Lord protected them by His Word.12
It was the Person, the Word, who met with Abraham and Moses and spoke from above the Mercy Seat. So, the early Church was familiar with the Lord being called the Word. John explains that the Word was Jesus preincarnate.
“Num 7:89 And when Mosheh entered into the tabernacle of ordinance to speak with Him, he heard the voice of the Spirit who spake with him descending from the heaven of heavens upon the Mercy Seat which was upon the Ark of the Testimony between the two Cherubim, and from thence was the Mercy Seat which was upon the Ark of the Testimony between the two Cherubim, and from thence was the Word speaking with him.”13
John took various verses from the Aramaic Old Testament and connected the dots to reveal that Jesus was the Lord God, the Word.
John’s Revelation
John, one of the writers of the New Testament, had a personal revelation of Jesus. He sought to vividly reveal the One they saw, heard, and touched, so that we too could enjoy fellowship with Jesus. John preached the tenderness of the Master’s love and His glorious power. He made it clear that Jesus is the One who made all things, redeemed us with His blood, and is the Word made flesh. He is the One who will come for His Church and reign as the Lord of lords, the Almighty God.
May we all heed the profound lessons embedded within John’s extraordinary journey and strive to cultivate the Master’s joy, kindle the Master’s love, and abide in the Secret Place of His Presence.
- Smith, William. Smith’s Bible Dictionary (p. 1591). Amazon.com. Kindle Edition.
- https://www.jstor.org/stable/30066959?read-now=1&seq=4#page_scan_tab_contents
- King, Robert Alan. A Biography of Saint John the Apostle: The Disciple Jesus Loved (Servants of God in the Bible Book 2) . King & Associates. Kindle Edition.
- Irenaeus, Against Heresies, III, 3, 4 (translated by Alexander Roberts and William Rambaut from Ante-Nicene Fathers (Christian Literature Publishing Co., 1885), vol. 1).
- Long, Stephen. Polycarp Disciple of the Apostle John and the Second Century Church (p. 17). Shari Parker Publishing and Printing. Kindle Edition.
- Foxe, John. Foxes Book of Martyrs (p. 11). ReadHowYouWant. Kindle Edition.
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-John-the-Apostle
- https://www.persecutionblog.com/2006/09/boiled_in_oil_b.html
- Johnson, Christopher. Biblical Biographies – John the Apostle (Biblical Biographies – Part of the 30 Minute Biographies Series) (p. 21). 30 Minute Biographies. Kindle Edition.
- https://www.gotquestions.org/apostle-John-die.html
- Rose, Tov. Targum Onkelos: The First Five Books of the Bible (The Targums Book 1) (p. 5). Unknown. Kindle Edition.
- Rose, Tov. Targum Onkelos: The First Five Books of the Bible (The Targums Book 1) (p. 11). Unknown. Kindle Edition.
- Uzziel, Jonathan. Targum Pseudo-Jonathan (The Targums Book 3) (p. 278). Unknown. Kindle Edition.
